一、应用文
1.建议书
1.1作文结构
第一段：自我介绍，说明来意
第二段：具体建议
第三段：希望对方采纳，期盼回复
1.2作文格式
Dear ____, (称呼可齐头可缩进)
空四个字母写
Looking forward to your reply. / Hoping to hear from you soon.
Your sincerely, ____(署名)
1.3常用词汇
可行的：feasible
提出建议：put forward some advice
关于，至于：with regard to
对……有益：be benefical to
决策：decision making
采取措施：take measure
很重要：be of great importance
提高效率：improve the efficiency
预见未来：foresee a future
1.4常用句型
说明写信意图
I am writing this letter to render/give some suggestions on … (写信人主动提出建议)
You have consulted me for some advice about how to so I would try to make some construction suggestions.(写信人受邀给出建议)
提出建议
I think it would be benefical if you could …
表达希望
I would be more than happy if my suggestions could be considerd and positive changes could take place in these regards.
2.计划书
2.1作文结构
围绕某个活动举办
结构：背景——举办原因——内容主题（根据题干要求分条陈述）——表达希望
2.2常用句型
背景陈述
Nowadays, ____ is of utmost importance.
举办原因
With the propose of … , ____ is planning to organize a …
It incloudes …(根据题干做补充)
期望与祝愿
All my wishes for success go to this activity.
3.报告
3.1作文结构
针对过去发生的活动或事件的陈述。
客观性是报告文体的特点。
不能带有个人色彩，要避免反问句这类口语化表达。
标题：Report on …
导语：揭示核心内容 on …(时间) went to …
正文：对事件或人物进行详细描写
3.2例文
刚参加的一个校园旧书回收项目
注意刚参加应该用过去式
Report on Used Books Collecting on Campus
I have just participated in a school project of collecting used books on campus. Here are some details of the project.
(目的)The aim of the project is to donate books to a primary school in a small village outside the town. Meanwhile it’s also aimed to project the environment by recying old books. (参加的对象) Both the students and the teachers on compus participated in the project. What’s more, some of the graduates also come back and gave away their books. (用途) All the books collected were to enlarge the collection of the primary school’s library.
We are very happy to eport that, by now, about 2000 books have been collected and the number is still growing. We hope more and more activites of this kind will be held on campus in the future/in the following days.
4.申请书
自荐信
4.1作文结构
写作目的——申请原因——描述自己的优势——恳请语
4.2常用语句
I am writing this letter to apply for this chance as …
As a … I am committed to … And have the confidence and strength in …(优势与申请的匹配度)
I will appreciate it very much if you can take me into consideration for this post.
4.2写作模板
Dear ____
I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in at/in ____ It’s a long time since we have had the pleasure of seeing you and we do hope you can come.
As you are close friend of us, we would like to attend the ____. I am sure that you will be interested in ____. To begin with, ____. In addition, ____. Enclosed is the details of ____. I think I am capable of ____, because ____.
If you do not have any prior appointment on ____. We do hope that you can mae it. If not, would it be possible for you to drop us a line before ____? Thank you very much.
Yours sincerely, ____
二、现象类
1.社会现象
1.1作文结构
展开论述
1.引出现象（是什么）
2.分析现象背后的原因（为什么）
3.评价这个现象（怎么做）
1.2常用句型
Recent years have witnessed (最近几年)____(引出现象)
The root cause of the phenomenon is ____(原因)
As far as I am concerned ____ is advantages/double-edged sword. On the one hand … On the other hand… (评价现象).
人们普遍认为现代科学技术是我们的社会发生翻天覆地的变化，近几十年来，人类在科技方面取得了卓越的进步。
It is commonly thought thanks to modern science and technology, great changes can be seen in our society, and humans have made notable progress in science and technology over the recent decades.
三、描述说明类
1.主体是物
1.1作文结构
引出说明对象(是什么)
简要分析说明对象出现的原因(为什么)
评价这个对象(怎么做)反映？我们应该如何对待这个现象？
2.举例
翻译软件的使用
The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. With the help translation apps, it is convenient(方便的) to read foreign literature and essays.
好的方面
These apps can bring users greater efficiency and help them save time more time or energy, particular for those who have no knowledge of a foreign language. For instance(例如),
坏的方面
It is caused some learners to lose motivation for studying. With the Apps in hand, they are not willing to do their utmost to memorize new words, practice speaking or writing skills every day.
I (as a college student,) deem(认为) it is of great necessity for youngsters to use translation apps in a rational way. We should bear(记) in mind that any translation apps is merely a tool.
四、观点论述类
1.作文结构
情况1：有争论的问题，选出自己的观点-论据
情况2：话题-展开论述
加分项：举例论证(有说服力的), 罗列数据
结构：交代观点-论证观点-联系实际
2.作文模板
(争论的焦点)There is no consensus of opinion among people about…… Some people are of the view that 观点1, while others take the opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter(前/后) notion is preferable in many senses.
The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1. Furthermore, 论据2. Among all the supporting evidence, one of the strongest. That is, 论据3.
As a collage student, I am supposed to ____